The Industry Averages and Financial Ratios Essay Example for Free

The patience Averages and Financial Ratios EssayIn todays market business really look at what the others in their competitive market are doing to compare how they are doing as a business or corporation. They do this by evaluating the industry averages and the fiscal ratios. When corporations and financial advisors look at the industry average and the ratios it helps them identify the industry strengths, weaknesses and the overall health of the financial standings of the organization. The automotive and transportation industry with a focus on General Motors (SIC37110000) is what our group as chosen to examine for our comparison. General Motors was started in 1908 by William Durant by the combination of over 17 independent companies in to unrivalled general company, thus eliminating his competitors of the industry. This increased the overall average of the industry and increased the companys financial health. That was then, now General Motors in number 3 in the market as it show s in Bloomberg clientele week graph.The purpose of comparing the rate of General Motors and the Industry is to rate their performance in solvency, gainfulness and efficiency. General Motors ratio improved in profitability from 2011 to 2012 and 2012 to 2013 the assets and liabilities ratio was 1.31 that means in profit earned relatively to sales and total assets. In the Industry that means GM did pretty well in assets and sales compared to the Industry. In solvency the ratio was 13.19, it has more than 202,000 employees supporting the companies production and distribution. In efficiency it total a ratio of 9.00 in 2012 to 9.70 in 2013 which they did better in quality, receivables and efficiency of assets control compared to the industry.General Motors has a reasonable balance on overall performance. It has a higher(prenominal) payablescompared to the industry but lower receivables 16.9 to 6.9 , that indicates that theres a higher cash coming in and less cash going out. In 2011 GM C ompany achieved swag turnover of 150.3 billion US. Dollar and net income of 7.6 billion compared to the industry. Below our group as compared the ratios with the industry as a whole and the company General Motors to look at where and how the company is doing within the industry.ReferencesBloomberg Businessweek. General Motors Co (GMNew York) (Dec.22, 2014). Retrieved from http//investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/financials/ratios.asp?ticker=GM Dan Bradstreet Key Business Ratios. (2014). 3711 Motor Vehicle and Car Bodies. Retrieved from Dan Bradstreet Key Business Ratios, FIN370 website. General Motors Co. (2014). Market Watch. Retrieved from http//www.marketwatch.com/investing/stock/gm/financials/balance-sheet Magloff, David. General Motors Co. Growth, Profitability, and Financial Ratios for (GM) from Morningstar.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Dec. 2014

Creon and Haemon Essay Example for Free

Creon and Haemon EssayHow would you direct the confrontation between Creon and Haemon in order to achieve your chosen impact for your audience? The scene of confrontation between Creon and Haemon comes when Creon has sentenced Antigone, futurity bride of Haemon, to be shut up in the cave. I would want to commemorate a contrast between the characters with costume, so that the audience would get a visual representation of their emotions. I would dress Creon in an extravagant red silken robe, with gold trimmings. This would highlight his status as King, and also the red could signify a bloodthirsty attitude, as Creon is revelling in Antigones fate.Contrastingly, Haemon would be wearing a simple sable cotton robe, without any trimmings. This would taper that he doesnt care for superficial extravagance, and black is also a colour of mourning this would symbolise Haemons feelings towards Antigones fate. In the opening of this scene, Creon greets Haemon pleasantly. I would direct Creon to grip Haemons right sacrifice with both of his own hands, in a friendly, pleading handshake this would show warmth for Haemon, which is what Creon wishes to express at this point.He would maintain eye contact and stand with legs shoulder-width apart He would tell in a soft tone, with a slow pace, medium pitch and a relatively low volume, again to give the impression of warmth. In the suck we are always comrades, and my love for you is unshaken, I would direct the actor playing Creon to emphasise the words always and unshaken, stressing these superlatives, in order to exaggerate the positive feelings, diplomatically Haemons response would be in kind, reciprocating the respect. He would accept the handshake, and keep eye contact. His vocal qualities would be as those of Haemon.He would say I know I am your son, Father, stressing the word Father to show respect and also family love. During this ex channel, they would both be very close physically, to show that they are, at t his point, still emotionally close. The luminousness would be a straw aftermath from above over the stage, of medium intensity object. Creon would be next to a podium, centre-stage-left. Haemon would be centre stage, and the Chorus would be arranged in a semi-circle around them. During Creons following speech, I would want the audience to witness a change in Creons approach.The first noticeable change in attitude would be when he says Dont be taken in/ Boy. Dont let any woman erect you. His tone would become harsher, and lower berth approximately as if speaking in a whisper. He would also grasp Haemon on the word Boy, to show the audience that he wants to instil certain discriminatory values in Haemon, as it is a subject he feels passionately about. Furthermore, he would almost spit the work woman and emphasise the word ensnare to present acidity to the audience. He would say Dont be taken in, Boy without changing his tone or pace, simply increasing intensity, to show the audience how echt he is.He would continue in this manner, speaking in harsh tones. The next change in Creons demeanour would come when he says I leave alone do it. And she must die. Here, he would revert to speaking with authority, assertively. He would stress the modal verbs, will and must to show that he is completely fixed upon the idea, and is unwavering. This would show the audience his stubbornness. At this point, low-intensity, subtle red uplighting would feel slowly faded in, to cast shadows upon Creons face to make him seem more imposing and venomous. It would be hardly noticeable by the audience at this stage, as it would be slowly and subtly introduced.Creon would also step back and stand straight at this point, and better after the line, to highlight its significance to the audience. He would have his hands calmly by his sides. Creon would continue to rant, his volume increasing, and the red uplighting becoming stronger, as the straw wash slowly faded and his hand g estures becoming increasingly evident and expansive. On the line Anarchy, disobedience, he would be banging his fists on his podium in anger, to show the audience how passionately he feels about the subject. He would be nearly shouting at this point, and Haemon would recoil slightly, in fear and surprise at Creons outburst.Creon would next shift toward the end of his speech, and I would want my audience to see him bring back subtle persuasion, using the fact that he is Haemons father to his advantage let it be by a mans hand, eh son? / Not by a conspiracy of women . I would want him to go back to speaking in lower tones, almost at a stage-whisper level, as he wants to instil his own sexism, and apparent paranoia regarding women, into Haemon yet again. This repetition would show the audience sound how sexist Creon is. I would therefore have the actor emphasise the words man son, conspiracy and women to show this, and put one arm around Haemon.The red uplighting would also mordant a t this point, the straw wash becoming more prominent this would visually represent the change in tone to the audience. Following the Chorus somewhat neutral response, Haemon would reply by at first speaking pleasantries Its not for me to say you are wrong is quite self-deprecating and is complimentary to Creon. Haemon would therefore speak it in a soft tone, and would physically lower himself by bending knees and back slightly. His volume would be medium at this point, and he would make no hand gestures. The lighting would remain as a straw wash, all red gone at this point.Haemon would emphasise me and you to underline the fact he is making a direct comparison between himself and Creon. Haemon would change in approach right on the line But I can sometimes hear sight whisper. The word but here is a clear discursive marker in the text, indicating a change. Also, Haemon begins to discuss how people see Antigones punishment as unjust. He would thus take a step back is if expecting an o utburst from Creon, and emphasise words like people and whisper to show the audience that the character aims to divorce himself from the views.He would become more pleading as the speech progresses, let me beg you to have second thoughts and I beg you Father. This is again showing he accepts inferiority, but also makes clear to the audience that he is against his fathers actions. The metaphors regarding the failure of stubborn things would be spoken with a degree of accusation regarding Creon Haemon would look at Creon when truism inflexible and refuses to indicate that there refer to Creon.At the end of the speech he says Take good advice when it is offered. This is a direct question to Creon, and I would have Haemon on one knee, clasping Creons hand at this point, to show his desperation to the audience. In the ensuing stichomythia, I would instruct Creon to increase in volume, pace and raise his component part at the end of each sentence. Also, I would want him to spit phrase s like Youre a womans mouthpiece , whilst shaking his arms, palms clawed and facing up to show craze to the audience.Comparatively, I would instruct Haemon to remain calm, speaking in controlled tones and a steady volume throughout, making few hand gestures. Haemon would instead increase in moth-eaten contempt, by sharpening the sound of his vowels at the ends of sentences, and speaking in a low tone, and emphasising certain words. He would emphasise the word demented, but without raising the volume of his vocalism a great deal. Also, at the end, when Haemon says this disgusting spectacle/ In company with a madman, are welcome to it, I would want him to speak this calmly without varying his pace.He would say this emphasising disgusting spectacle and madman by raising pitch and volume a little. This would show the audience that he feels contempt toward Creon, but is above just shouting. Creon, on the other hand, would be virtually screaming Bring her out, the bitch, emphasising t he word bitch by stressing the harsh vowel sound, and gesturing wildly towards the side entrance, as if indicating from where she should be brought. This would show the audience that Creon has lost his composure, and has lost control of his rage.The lighting would be red uplighting again on Creon only, to cast shadows across his face, whilst a blue gel, to liquify with the straw wash, would be coming in from above. Overall, this should all contribute into presenting Haemon into an emotionally controlled, stable character, whereas Creon would appear as quite the opposite unreasonable, stubborn and emotionally volatile. The objective would be to present the characters as such, to encourage the audience to sympathise with Haemon, even empathise with him ideally, the audience too would feel frustrated and contemptuous towards Creon.

The context of Church-State Relations Essay Example for Free

The context of Church-State Relations EssayThis section sets the context for interrogatory the hypotheses. Historically, church service- put up races have been a recurring and significant source of political controversy in European states.The outcomes of these controversies may be viewed in terms of the following taxonomy the Erastian model, in which the state has assumed responsibility for the direction of the church the imperfect tense model, in which the state is secular and neutral in its relationships with the church(es) found in its social club the theocratic model, in which the church has achieved supremacy in spectral and secular affairs the spheres model, in which the church prevails in some spheres and the state in other spheres of society and the anti-church model, in which the state stands in opposition to the church and seeks to curtail or eliminate religion. The Erastian model. On this model, the state seeks to organize the church as a section of the state. T his model is commonly associated with the Protestant German states of the Reformation. The Erastian model confronts the problem of internal religious change, perhaps expressed in controversies over liturgy or imperious controversies. From the regulatory perspective, two broad responses to internal change may be taken by the Erastian state. First, the state may simply tolerate a neat deal of doctrinal variation within the church viewed as a common religious house.Second, the state may seek to play the role of ump or imprimatur in determining the correctness of certain positions in theological disputes. Both positions run the risk of reduced credibility for both the church and the state. The liberal model. The liberal model argues for neutrality of the state in the affairs of churches. It conceives the state as one in which there is no privileged relationship between the state and either particular church. Although the liberal model has its origins in European thought, it may be a rgued that it has rarely been found in European countries. a couple of(prenominal) European regimes have adopted neutrality as the basis for church-state regulation. The United States is often judged to be a better example than European nations of the application of the liberal tradition to church-state relations. 14 The United States also is a nation with one of the highest rates of church attendance on either side of the North Atlantic. Does the fact that the American state constructs church-state relations as a wall of separation contri neverthelesse to the apparently greater American public willingness to attend church and to attach impressiveness to religion?Roger Finke has argued that the deregulation of churches in the United States has promoted religious individualism that is, for an American church to survive it must attract communicants in the open market by responding to the individuals understanding of religion as one of personal conversion. 15 The theocratic model. Her e the church assumes or is given a sphere of influence that embraces both religious and secular spheres. As with the state in the Erastian model, the church is supreme and so the question of the states defining boundaries does not arise.The churchs autonomy in determining public form _or_ system of government is not confined to its membership but embraces the broader community in which the church is located. This model may exist in regions within a state but certainly is not characteristic of nations in Europe today. The best example of a European theocracy in the last century was the Papal states in what is at once modern Italy. The spheres model. This model can best be described by saying what it is not. It is not the liberal tradition or the Erastian or the theocratic.Rather, it may be described as the situation in which the society is understood as made up of competing or perhaps complementary spheres. Conflicts between the Holy roman type Emperors and religious hierarchies of ten reflected this battle over spheres of autonomy. Variations of this model are found in a remarkably wide range of European nations today. These range from nations that feign to be of a certain church, to others that are critical of a specific church.Samuel Krislov argues that the determination of boundaries between church and state is enormously difficult in any system that seeks to recognize separate spheres of responsibility between a church and a state. 16 It is probably useful to conceptualize the spheres model as a continuum. At one end are the Roman Catholic Churches in Ireland and in todays Poland, where the sphere of church influence is quite large and embraces many areas of public policy making. At the other end of the continuum are Scandinavian churches which have narrowly-defined spheres of influence in public policy making.The anti-church model. This final model is one in which the state is deeply critical if not in outright opposition to the church. The former regim es of Eastern Europe reflected an oppositional tradition as historically did the nineteenth and early 20th century regimes in Mexico and in France which often sought to disestablish or to curtail church life severely. Examples of opposition include expulsion of religious orders, capture of church resources, and prohibition of many church-sponsored activities.

Effect of Gender Labels on Infants

Effect of Gender Labels on InfantsINFANT PERCEIVED GENDER AND ADOLESCENTSRATINGTable of table of contents (Jump to)INTRODUCTIONLITERATURE REVIEWRECENT RESEARCHESMETHODPARTICIPANTSDESIGN/LAYOUTMATERIAL UTILIZEDPROCEDURERESULTSDISCUSSIONPART ONE Psychological Observational legal profession Name of the instrument/Scale/Measure/Inventory/ChecklistThe inquiry is available on the debate Infant perceptions and adolescents ratings Behavior measuredPsychological research has been proposed. informant Date of publication19.01.2014 Time of administration0500 PM GST Population for which designedP atomic number 18nts and minor children Method of AdministrationBasic/ enlarged Source of InformationWebsite and journals/publications arrive of itemsINTRODUCTION, LITERATURE REVIEW, RECENT RESEARCHES, METHOD, PROCEDURE, RESULTS DISCUSSION. Permission required to use the measure No If you need a permission-from whom nil Source cont doing information (email)PART cardinal Research Proposal-Psychologic al ScaleINTRODUCTIONThe term attachment is generally defined as an enduring affectional bond with a substantial intensity and durability. Dr. Bowlby in his research papers defines and describes attachment as a fundamental behavioral system which is substantially attached to predictable outcomes in keeping an individual in close proximity to one or a few signifi basint others. (Dr.Bowlby, October 1994)Mc Clure Elin B in his psychological bulletin defines Infant comprehend awaken and adolescents ratings as a meta-analytic review in sex differences in facial expression processing and their education in sisters, children and adolescents. Many researchers agree that sexuality component part socialization begins and is adopted at a very early stage or infants birth. Most pargonnts, at the time of birth of a child argon interested in learning whether their newborn child is a boy or a girl and intentionally or non, this experience places with them a tack of expectations about sex role appropriate traits. Empirical research suggests and marks carefully that these initial expectations, which form the very early and basis of gender schemas drop assimilate a significant effect on parents perceptions of and behaviour towards infants (McClure B, 2000).Gender statistics contributes a lot to adult, responsiveness towards the child and his own behaviour towards socializing and development of the childs sense of self. A self-fulfilling prophecy process is needed to attain a gender role socialization and a sex-typed behaviour and it is generally attained in connection with stereo-typed expectations(Darley and Fazio,1980).a prejudice and a preconceived gender based expectations process entitles the infant to ellicit an expected behaviour and further on reinforces this expected behaviour when it occurs and this is sibylline to confirm parents initial expectations. (Bell Carver, 1980)LITERATURE REVIEWRecent researches get to explored and demonstrated sex-typed label s and effect of infant gender on adults assignment and created adult sex-typed infants. These research have explored vast vanquish population and children of varying ages. Children as a primary source of information, parents in one study, were asked to rate and describe their new-borns shortly after their birth. Although the infants were not discriminated and differentiated on objective measures, girls were rated as smaller, more soft, more fine-featured and inattentive as compared to boys or male infants.Culp et al, found out that parents react differently to their unacquainted with(predicate) infants due to preconceived sex assumptions and supported the notion(through other researches included) that parents react differently towards their male and female infants. This research suggests that parents are inclined to perceive traits in an infant, in consistency with gender labels. Also Fagot, suggests that parents of toddlers reacted differently towards girls and boys behavior. Pa rents reacted more positively to girls as compared to boys when toddlers played with dolls and reacted more critically towards girls as compared to boys when toddlers were engaged in motor activity. As a group these researches suggest that adult responses coincide with culturally and socially assigned sex-stereotypes and supposedly gender labels which are independent of actual infant gender differences. These studies suggest that how expectations and gender labels assigned to the infant affect both the reactions and behaviour of the adults.(Culp, Cook, S., Housley, 1983)RECENT RESEARCHAlthough researches have examined sex stereo-typing of infants by adults, parents in particular, few researches have explored childrens or adolescents sex-typing of infants. Stern and Karrekar studied the sex-biased perceptions and presumptions of infants who were labeled as either male or female and concluded that adults perceptions are rarely influenced by basic knowledge of infants sex. However, r esearch also suggests that young children rate infants in a sex-typed fashion much more frequently than adults. None of the studies included in the review tryout examined sex-stereotyping of infants by older children or adolescents. iodin study suggests that how sex-specified perceptions of infants change during the early adolescent period ranging from high school to center(a) school (junior-aged)ages. A number of studies have examined adolescents sex-stereotyping of older individuals in addition to adolescents sex-stereotyped perceptions of infants. Many researchers examined that sex stereotyping increases between ages of 3 and 14. Some studies have suggested curvilinear relationship between age and sex stereotyping relative among younger subjects and adolescents using sex stereotypes less than other children. However most of these studies suggest a rise in sex stereotyping from pre-school through middle childhood, then showing a plateau, and then a decline and a decrease in ado lescence. (Fagot, 1978)The main purpose of this study includes a systemmatic examination of infants perceived gender on adolescents ratings towards the infants. However, some studies suggest that differences in the ratings of perceived male or a perceived female infant are a work on of actual gender differentiation of the said observer, Older women particularly mothers, often give more positive ratings as compared to other subjects and girls tend to rate infants more beautiful as compared to boys do.Participants(subject population) is selected and attributed to represent adolescent age period(aged from 12 to 14 years )old. In consistency with Haugh et al and other studies organism reviewed here, it is expected that the act of labeling infants with sex-typed first nominates will elicit responses among all other learned attributes associated with gender-category labels. Such genderization or gender category labels such as male or female will elicit a broad set of associated attribut es. The prediction is that adolescents will use sex-related cues (i, e name of infant) to make evaluations about the infants given the token(prenominal) information about the infants. The second hypothesis states that, regardless to the name assigned to the infant, the males and females will perceive the infants in a different manner. (Condry Condry, 1976)METHODPARTICIPANTSThirty vi junior high students(aged 12 to 14 years) attending a public school in west Covinia, California are used as participants. The students are part of leadership class and the said school is located in a predominantly middle-lower class section of the society. The informed consent is being interpreted by parents or legal guardians of the junior high students and incentive is being given so that the students are persuaded to give their informed consent papers punctually signed by the parents or the legal guardian.DESIGN/LAYOUTThe part of the study may be considered as a 2(gender specification of the adol escent)times 3(multiplied by 3) infant name condition between -subject factorials design because there are two independent variables. The gender of the adolescents have the two decidedly levels, male or a female. However, the infant name condition has three levels i,e,Laurie, Larry and the control condition.The dependant measures includes adolescents ratings of the infants through six bipolar adjectives.MATERIAL UTILIZEDA color image or a photograph of a 3-year old infant is used for the above mentioned assumptions or conditions.The image of the infant is photo copied on 21.6x 27.9 cm paper.Several se-typed bipolar adjectives are being attached with the photograph. The first name of the infant changes changes in each(prenominal) condition. In one condition the infant will be assigned a gender-typed adaptation of his first name Larry and in the control condition the name this infant will be used in place of his first name.PROCEDUREThe map is very easy. Students will be tested in g roups in three consecutive days. The parents or guardians are being informed the purpose of the study that how infants traits can be detected from their physical appearance. Twelve adolescents from the leadership class are assigned to each of the three gender-typed name conditions.Each group is tested on a separate given day. On each day the students are being told the importance of not telling other potential subjects the details of the profound study and they are also told that they will be informed by the result and purpose of the study as soon as the research is compiled and completed. entirely students will be tested in the same classroom given the study carrels to block their views from one another. No distortion to be made. The instructions are given to each group of students in a loud and neutral tone. The students are being told that there are no wrong or honorable answers, however, the answers depend on their personal opinion. All questions be answered before the student s start rating the answers. When the students are finished with their work, they are thanked for completing the contributing towards the research.RESULTSThe six-bipolar adjectives will be rated by the adolescents in each condition of the independent variables.The result ranges from the values of 1-5.where 1 stands or means firm and 5 means soft.Scores on each of the bipolar adjective is analyzed.The maen and standard deviation of each condition of the independent variable is taken.The inferential statistics are performed in a two-way procedures between subjects analysis of variance and Turkeys HSD are used to signify the groups differently.DISCUSSIONThe results will be restated in the light of above hypothesis. The results will be predicted and the generality of sex-stereotyped perceptions of infants are extended to the subject population of the adolescents. Results related to previous research and assessments with theoretical aspects of the introduction section will also be discuss ed. Limitations of the current research are being specified. One limitation is that we used one photograph of one particular infant more photographs of infants of various ages can be used in future research and evaluations. Finally the results and importance will be summarized.BibliographyBell, N. J., Carver, W. (1980). A reevaluation of gender label effects Expectant mothers responses to infants. Child Development.Bowlby, D. (October 1994). Adolescents perceptions of their attachment relationships with their mothers, fathers, and friends. Journal of Youth and Adolescence.Condry, J., Condry, S. (1976). Sex differences A study of the eye of the beholder. Child Development.Culp, R. E., Cook, S., A., Housley, P. C. (1983). Sex Roles,.Fagot, B. I. (1978). The influences of sex of child on parental reactions to toddler children. Child development.McClure, B, E. (2000, May ). American Psycological Association. Retrieved from www.psycnet.apa.org http//psycnet.apa.org/journals/bul/126 /3/424/

Maldives Efforts To Combat Climate Change An Environmental Sciences Essay

Maldives Efforts To Combat Climate Change An Environmental Sciences EssayGlobal warming has been causing mood trade and this has been affecting the Earth at an alarming rate. Maldivian government are aware of the need to cut down emissions. The tiny Indian maritime nation of the Maldives pull up stakes become snow-achromatic within 10 years. This was the plight-emitting diodege made by Maldives President Mohamed Nasheed on March 15. The low- lie country will be among the first in the ground to be inundated by rising sea levels caused by human-induced humour change. The highest point in the chain of 1190 islands and coral atolls is erect 1.8 metres above sea level. The latest research indicates that if present rates of nose candy emissions continue, global warming will likely cause sea level rises some one metre by 2100. This is close to double the rise predicted by closely scientists just two years ago.171. For the Maldives, climate change is a reliable issue. The 16th Con ference of Parties (COP 16) in Cancun, Mexico from 29 November to 10 December. It estimated that Maldivians emitted 1.3 million tones of carbon dioxide in 2009 via electricity generation, transport, waste and fishing. This was the same estimated amount of carbon emitted by flights carrying 650,000 tourists to the Island each(prenominal) year. The total works out at 4.1 tones per Maldivian compared to 23.5 tones per person per year in the United States.72. These measures were announced in the face of stark warnings from scientists that rising sea levels could engulf the Maldives and other sea-level nations this century, rendering the Island almost entirely uninhabitable with a rise in sea levels of one metre.73. Without a global apprehension to debase GHG emissions to combat climate change and rising sea levels, the Maldives could disappear from maps in spite of Nasheds efforts.274. Maldivian President Mohamed Nasheed is listed as the 39th top thinker in the world in Foreign Polic y magazine, for his high profile role in combating climate change. Top two billionaires have been travelling the world first to chinaware and soon to India, as well as around the US on a mission to create a global club of Great Givers who will transform philanthropy from a pastime of the wealthy into a calling for everyone who is rich.3Combat Climate Change.75. Solar power helps combat climate change, reduces our dependency on imported oil and more importantly cuts out electricity costs. The Maldives stands at the front line of climate change and we dont have the luxury of time to hinge upon and wait for the rest of the world to act.76. The Maldives which is particularly susceptible to rising sea levels through global warming. The Maldives is made up of nearly 1200 islands that lie of the Indian sub-continent. no(prenominal) of the islands measure more than 1.8 metres (six feet) above sea level, making the country particularly vulnerable to a rise in sea levels associated with global warming. The Maldives face a very real threat from rising sea levels and I share President Nasheeds ambition to prevent the environmental disaster and human rights catastrophe that would pass off the islands should the world fail to tackle this problem.77. Our Climate Change Act is the most ambitious in the change world, fall inting to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 42 per cent from 1990 levels by 2020 and by 80 per cent by 2050. Scotland also has 25 per cent of Europes offshore wind and tidal resources and 10 per cent of beckon potential and the capacity make a significant difference in meeting universal climate change goals. The Maldives to become the worlds first carbon neutral country and in turn create a greener, more sustainable future for our planet.478. The international community has welcomed President Nasheeds efforts to raise awareness over the dangers of climate change, which threaten to submerge his low-lying nation. That same international community must not sit back and watch as the remnants of dictatorship try and dim the Maldives fledgling democracy.5Declaration of the Climate Vulnerable Forum.79. Alarmed at the pace of change to our Earth caused by human-induced climate change, including accelerating melting and loss of ice from Antarctica, Greenland, the Himalayas, wad Kilimanjaro and Mount Kenya, acidification of the worlds oceans due to rising CO2 concentrations, increasingly intense tropical cyclones, more damaging and intense drought and floods, including Glacial Lakes Outburst Floods, in whitethorn region and high levels of sea-level rise than estimated just a few years ago, risks changing the face of the planet and threatening coastal cities, low lying areas, mountainous regions and vulnerable countries the world over.80. Conscious that our nations lie at the climate front-line and will disproportionately feel the impacts of global warming, in the end climate change will threaten the sustainable development and, ultimat ely, the survival of all States and peoples the fate of the most vulnerable will be the fate of the world and convinced that our bully vulnerability not only allows us to perceive the threat of climate change more clearly than others, but also provides us with the clarity of resource to understand the steps that must be taken to protect the Earths climate system and the determination to see the job done.81. Recalling that UNFCCC is the primary international, intergovernmental forum for negotiating the global chemical reaction to climate change.82. Emphasizing that developed countries bear the overwhelming historic responsibility for causing anthropogenic climate change and must therefore take the cover in responding to the challenge across all four building blocks of an enhanced international climate change regime namely mitigation, adaption, technology and finance that builds-upon the UNFCCC and its Kyoto Protocol.83. fetching account their historic responsibility as well a s the need to secure climate justice for the worlds poorest and most vulnerable communities, developed countries must commit to legally-binding and ambitious emission reduction targets consistent with limiting global average surface warming to well below 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels and long-term stabilization of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations at well below 350 ppm, and that to achieve this the agreement at COP 15 UNFCCC should include a goal of peaking global emissions by 2015 with a sharp decline thereafter towards a global reduction of 85% by 2050.84. Convinced that those countries which take the lead in embracing this future will be the winners of the 21st Century.85. All other countries to follow the moral leadership shown by the Republic of Maldives by voluntarily committing to achieving carbon-neutrality. Assert that the achievement of carbon neutrality by developing countries will be extremely difficult given their lack of resources and capacit y and pressing adaptation challenges, without external financial, technological and capability-building supporting from developed countries. Declare that, irrespective of the effectiveness of mitigation actions, significant adverse changes in the global climate are now inevitable and are already taking place, and thus Parties to the UNFCCC must also include, in the COP15 outcome document, an ambitious agreement on adaptation finance which should prioritize the needs of the most vulnerable countries, especially in the near-term.86. Decide to hold a second meeting of the Climate Vulnerable Forum in Kiribati in 2010 to take forward this initiative, to besides raise awareness of the vulnerabilities and actions of vulnerable countries to combat climate change, and to amplify their voice in international negotiations. In this context, request support from the UN system to assist the most vulnerable developing countries take action in pursuit of this Declaration.6Copenhagen.87. The event preceded the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP15) that began, where 192 parties are meeting with the intention of formulating an agreement to stabilize the level of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Organizers hope the conference will prove as successful as COP3 in 1997, known as the Kyoto Protocol, which led to agreements on mandatory emission reductions. During the week-long visit to Denmark, over 200 delegates aged 14-17 from 42 countries set up stands in Copenhagen town hall promoting their countrys efforts to combat climate change. The Maldivian delegates confessed theirs was one of the most popular with many people fascinated by the immediate threat climate change and sea level rise poses for the low-lying island nations. Maldivians are an innocent (party) suffering from the actions of developed countries.788. The issue has taken on urgency ahead of a major UN climate change conference plan for December in Copenhagen. At that meeting countries will negotiate a successor to the Kyoto Protocol with aims to cut the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide that scientists blame for causing global warming by trapping heat in the atmosphere. Wealthy nations want broad emissions cuts from all countries, while poorer ones say industrialized countries should carry most of the burden.81. The Guardian.2. http//www.climateactionprogramme.org.3. http//www.asiantribune.com.4. http//www.scotland.gov.uk.5. The Guardian, ibid.6. http//www.ecs.org.et.7. http//www.minivannews.com.8. http//www.msnbc.msn.com.

Australia :: essays research papers

AustraliaMost Australians ar governed by three levels of government - local, state andfederal. For instance, a family living in Sydney would have the Sydney CityCouncil (local) facial expression after such things as garbage collection, parkmaintenance and dog controls. Australians pay their local government by paying"rates" - paid gibe to the area and position of any land that you own. Theywould then be governed by the New South Wales Government, which would look aftersuch things as roads, and the police force. Finally, they are governed by theAustralian (Federal) Government, which is involved with trade, foreign affairsand the national treasury. Both the nation and Federal Governments are paidthrough income tax.Australian governments at a State and Federal level are run according to theWestminster System, used in England. This means that there are two firesides ofParliament, a lower house (The House Of Representatives) and an upper house (TheSenate). Decisions put forwar d and approved in the House of Representatives mustthen be approved a second quantify by the Senate. The only exception to this is theQueensland Government, which has only a House of Representatives.Local governments are stationed in centre of the town or city that they provideto. State governments are run from the state capitals, while the FederalGovernment sits in Canberra, in the Australian Capital Territory.There are six states, and two study territories in Australia. The states areQueensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, South Australia and WesternAustralia. The two territories are the Northern Territory and the AustralianCapital Territory. Australia also has a tote up of areas run by the FederalGovernment (dependent areas). These include the Ashmore and Cartier Islands,Christmas Island, the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, the Coral Sea Islands, HeardIsland, the McDonald Islands and Norfolk Island.Britain originally ruled Australia as a penal dependence after it was discov ery in1788. However, on January 1st, 1901, Australias six states were unified("federated") into one nation, formally known (and still known) as the

Arthurian Romances Essay -- essays research papers

Arthurian RomancesThe Middle Ages of Europe were governed by a governing body which is referred toas feudalist. The people of this system flow unitedly well society in thesetimes require noble people to set the example for the younger. The ranks of thenoble include counts, lords, ennobles, kings,queens,etc. These noblemen can becompared to as dueling politicians they get wind over their communities, keepingeverything orderly, and they fend off any attackers trying to besiege land. Thepeace keeper of the society is the knight. The knight has been appointed theposition of knight by a king because his traits and characteristic best fit thestandards of a good warrior and protector of the civilization. A knight istruthful, honest, capable, educated, physically fit, noble, sincere, andsubservient to the king.In Arthurian Romances the knight has a duty to protect his country.When he approaches a situation he does not attack the other party until he haswarned them. His place in the feud alist system involves other workers (vassals)to do his bidding. They suit him up in his armor and ready his horse andweapons. The knight in the first story is named Erec, son of the King Lac. Hemarries a girl named Enide, who is at his side throughout the story. Togetherthey adventure through the countryside and Erec fights his battles as they go on.The knight will give up on nothing ever, it is his duty to serve his King andGod...